Semiotics - The theory and study of signs and symbols, especially as elements of language or other systems of communication. A person who studies or practices semiotics is known as a semiotician.
Example of semiotics:
Denotation - The literal meaning of a word or a translation of a sign to its meaning, more exactly, to its literal meaning.
Here are some pictures that explain the main principle of it:
Also, these are some things that people usually think of when the see these colours.
White: heaven, joy, satisfaction, prize, clouds, snow, snowflake.
Black: death, night, casino, darkness.
Red: blood, violence, the end of the world, China.
Green: grass, trees, crops.
Blue: sky, flight, water.
Codes.
Symbolic Codes are visual texts use symbols to encode meaning. Symbols are what we see in the image such as:

1. colours
2. objects
3. body language
4. clothing
5. settings.
Written Codes
1. subtitles
2. logos
3. labels
4. headings
5. fonts and sizes.
Technical Codes are lighting and camera angles
in a scene

1. Shot size
2. Long shot
3. Mid shot
4. Close up
5. Extreme close up
Iconography is the traditional or conventional images or symbols associated with a subject and especially a religious or legendary subject.
Religious Iconography
Here are examples of religious iconography:
The Virgin Mary is most often shown wearing a blue robe. This is symbolic of heaven and her spirituality.
The cross has been a religious icon since the second century and represents Christianity. Marking the sign of the cross on someone’s forehead or chest was used to ward off demons.
A snake or monkey is used to represent evil.
The purity of the Virgin Mary is shown with lilies in a vase and a bowl or urn of water.
A halo, which is a circle of light surrounding a person, is widely used in religious paintings to denote a holy person or saint. Asian religious art uses flames, called mandorla, around the body or head.
Iconography in Art
Here are examples of iconography in art including cultural arts:
A red poppy is an icon for remembering those killed in wars, especially in World War I. Poppies are worn as a way of sharing in the grief felt for those lost in war.
The shape of a heart is widely used to symbolize love and romance.
There have been several symbols used for peace, including the peace sign and holding the first two fingers in a "V" shape. In ancient times the olive branch was used, as well as the dove.
Here are two examples of paintings that represent iconography:
Example of semiotics:
Below is an example of semiotics
because all these signs mean
particular things. For example
the second image means "a place
to eat" and without any titles
everyone understands that there
is the place where the food is
served.
The next one is an example of semiotics as well
because the heart on the right usually means the heart
on the left. And if someone sees the sign that is
on the left he or she always know that this means heart.
Last 3 examples of semiotics mean Peace, Hazard and a popular
fast food chain McDonalds.
Denotation - The literal meaning of a word or a translation of a sign to its meaning, more exactly, to its literal meaning.
Here are some pictures that explain the main principle of it:
Also, these are some things that people usually think of when the see these colours.
White: heaven, joy, satisfaction, prize, clouds, snow, snowflake.
Black: death, night, casino, darkness.
Red: blood, violence, the end of the world, China.
Green: grass, trees, crops.
Blue: sky, flight, water.
Codes.
Symbolic Codes are visual texts use symbols to encode meaning. Symbols are what we see in the image such as:
1. colours
2. objects
3. body language
4. clothing
5. settings.
Written Codes
1. subtitles
2. logos
3. labels
4. headings
5. fonts and sizes.
Technical Codes are lighting and camera angles
in a scene
1. Shot size
2. Long shot
3. Mid shot
4. Close up
5. Extreme close up
Iconography is the traditional or conventional images or symbols associated with a subject and especially a religious or legendary subject.
Religious Iconography
Here are examples of religious iconography:
The Virgin Mary is most often shown wearing a blue robe. This is symbolic of heaven and her spirituality.
The cross has been a religious icon since the second century and represents Christianity. Marking the sign of the cross on someone’s forehead or chest was used to ward off demons.
A snake or monkey is used to represent evil.
The purity of the Virgin Mary is shown with lilies in a vase and a bowl or urn of water.
A halo, which is a circle of light surrounding a person, is widely used in religious paintings to denote a holy person or saint. Asian religious art uses flames, called mandorla, around the body or head.
Iconography in Art
Here are examples of iconography in art including cultural arts:
A red poppy is an icon for remembering those killed in wars, especially in World War I. Poppies are worn as a way of sharing in the grief felt for those lost in war.
The shape of a heart is widely used to symbolize love and romance.
There have been several symbols used for peace, including the peace sign and holding the first two fingers in a "V" shape. In ancient times the olive branch was used, as well as the dove.
Here are two examples of paintings that represent iconography:
Iconography in Film and Television
Icons for the Western genre of films includes ten gallon hats, spurs, horses, saloons, guns, jails, and the badge of the sheriff.
Icons for horror movies may include young girls, haunted houses, and contrasting shadow and light in darkened places.
Bad guys often wear black to symbolize evil and leather jackets, often black, are worn by rebels or tough guys.
Thrillers are often filmed in urban neighborhoods whereas scary movies are often set in the suburbs.
Science fiction movies have high tech gadgets and automobiles that fly.




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